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Understanding Webservices

Webservices allow you to expose selected business system processes via a platform independent API web interface. Using XML and/or SOAP to accept data, process it, then return a response. The response may be a simple success/failure or it may be a complex data object.

webservices diagram

Web services are the future of systems integration. You can allow your clients, partners, vendors, distributors etc. exchange information and process data directly from one system to another without any human interface required.

Webservices can eliminate import/export upload/download processes and many other time-consuming tasks allowing for ebusiness interaction to flow automatically.

Webservices Technical Overview

Webservices interface through a public URL and act essentially like a web form. In fact, you can build a web form to pass the information into a webservice and display the results. The web form could reside on any web site and take the required parameters as input data in the form, then the form action would turn the form input into a XML packet and post it to the webservices URL. Interacting with a webservice is commonly known as "consuming a webservice". While webservices can easily be used in this fashion in the form of a "human interface", the real power of the webservice is the ability for it to integrate with other business systems over the web.

A webservice will support one or more functions via the same entry point URL (e.g. API). These functions are normally described in a WSDL file. The WSDL file will show an example of what parameters should be passed into the webservice in order for it to operate. The common way to view the WSDL document for a webservice is to view the webservice URL directly with a web browser. A webservice URL (or URI) is similar to any other web address and takes the form of http://www.domain.com/webservice.extension somtimes you may be required to add a ?wsdl .

The .extension suffix to the document will ususally identify the language used in creating the webservice, common languages used in webservices are .java, .cfc or .cfm (coldfusion), .asp .aspx .net (Microsoft Active Server Pages or .NET framework), .php, .pl, .cgi etc. Normally you will not see a webservice with a .html extension as html is a static markup language that does not interact with any other function on the server.

The WSDL file should have a complete description of the structure, format, and parameters required for consuming the service, it may identify several available functions that can be called from this access point.

Webservice Definitions

WSDL
(Web Services Description Language)
The standard format for describing a web service. Expressed in XML, a WSDL definition describes how to access a web service and what operations it will perform. Usually pronounced "whizz-dul" (to rhyme with 'whistle'), WSDL is seen (with SOAP and UDDI) as one of the three foundation standards of web services.


API
(Application Program Interface)
A set of routines, protocols, and tools for building software applications. In this case an API refers to an access point or interface into a system. The API allows you to interact with the system within a strictly defined set of protocols.







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